Niels Bohrs Model Of The Hydrogen Atom :: essays research papers

Niels Bohr's model of the hydrogen atom, was the primary reason for the understanding of energy levels.Bohr was able to explain the bright line spectrum of hydrogen. Sparked by the recent discovery of the diffraction patterns, scientists believed electrons could be described as waves. Bohr hypothesized that energy is being added to the hydrogen gas in the electricity form, and then leaving the gas in the form of light. He figured the light rays to be quantized, meaning only certain frequencies of the light rays can be seen. In turn, he reasoned that the hydrogen atoms themselves were quantized and, that they only can exist in certain energy levels. When the atoms absorb specific amounts of energy, they exist for a small period of time in higher energy levels. But as soon as these atoms lose their energy, they move back down to the lower levels of energy. His theory went on to state how the hydrogen atom can move up and down the energy levels, one level at a time, and can never stop in between. Every hydrogen atom is made up of a single electron - proton system. Because the negative electron is attracted to the positive proton, potential energy is created inside the atom.He figured that the farther away the electron is from the proton, the greater the potential energy is inside. In conclusion, since hydrogen atoms emit light energy in specific frequencies, the hydrogen atom must be within a specific energy level and nothing else. The different wavelengths help to determine the different colors emitted from the atom. The greater the wavelength, the faster the atom can be filled and jump to a higher level.Bohr developed his theory after studying the work of Einstein's ideas on the photons of energy.

Anne Hutchinson and Puritan Leadership

Anne Hutchinson and Puritan Leadership Anne Hutchinson was a strong willed and intelligent woman that lived in 1637 in the Massachusetts Bay colony. She opposed both John Winthrop, governor of the colony, as well as the Puritan church leaders who had a different set of beliefs from her, and made up the court of elected officials that assisted the governor. She was banished from the colony in 1638 on charges of blasphemy, because she claimed to have direct and divine inspiration from the Holy Spirit, in a Puritan community it was thought that only preachers and other church leaders could see God, this idea was known as the covenant of works.Anne Hutchinson was a believer in the covenant of grace where God could show himself to anyone at anytime. Anne Hutchinson had a bold personality, many problems with Puritan leadership and their beliefs, and was banished from the colony on charges of blasphemy in a controversial trial. Anne Hutchinson was a very confident and bold woman, and unlike many other women in colonial lifestyle she spoke her mind. Her intellect was very strong, and she outwitted Governor Winthrop and the jury of her trial for many days.She believed very heavily that men and women were equal in the eyes of God, and thought that the covenant of works being preached by the Puritan preachers was incorrect. Anne Hutchinson was an excellent speaker, which was demonstrated in her court trial where she bashed most of the charges against her with her high intellect. Hutchinson also led discussions on the sermons from the Puritan preachers with other women after church using her interpretation of what God was really trying to say.Anne Hutchinson was a strong believer in predestination an, idea developed by John Calvin. Predestination is the belief that God has already chosen those few people for salvation. In her interpretation Anne Hutchinson thought that actions did not matter towards salvation because God had already made his choice, this theory is also kno wn as the covenant of grace. She opposed the Puritan Ministers who for the most part thought and preached that if you do and achieve certain things then God will save you, ideas from the covenant of works.That is why she held discussions on sermons for her followers, after she received divine inspiration from God, because she felt that Puritan preachers were not interpreting God’s word correctly. After openly and publicly disagreeing with the teachings of the Puritan preachers and holding her discussions about their sermons Anne Hutchinson was taken into court by Governor John Winthrop on counts of disturbing the peace and slandering the ministry. After a long and back and forth trial Anne Hutchinson was charged with blasphemy and sentenced to banishment from the colony.The trial was controversial because she really had not done anything illegal, but because of the notion that women should be submissive to men in the colonies, and her defying the church were strongly frowned open especially by men. It was also a male dominated society, so Anne Hutchinson did not ever really have a chance for a totally unbiased trial. Such as the one Roger Williams received, he was tried for some of the same things Hutchinson was tried for, but because of his gender probably received more of a fair trial because of his gender.Williams was not banished from his colony, where Hutchinson was banished from the Massachusetts Bay colony on the charges of blasphemy. She was convicted of this because in the beliefs by the Puritan preachers only preachers and other church leaders could receive any type of divine inspiration, so being a woman it was impossible for her to receive any divine inspiration. Anne Hutchinson was still very important though as she helped found the colony of Rhode Island with her beliefs.She was a very strong confident woman taking care of her 15 kids in the Rhode Island wilderness. And even though she did not receive a totally fair trial, because in that time period it was frowned upon for anyone to speak out against the church especially a woman she had a lasting impact on the way men thought about the intelligence of women. Anne Hutchinson was a woman who had a bold personality and although being a Puritan herself believed that Puritan preachers were wrong, and was eventually banished to Rhode Island for it.

Prostitution The Exchange Of Sexual Services For A...

Prostitution can best be defined as the exchange of sexual services for a monetary compensation. While prostitution has been both a economic and a public health concern for many decades now, there is approximately only sixteen million allocated for enforcing prostitution laws and negative outcomes associated with this crime each year (Murphy, 2010). Murray (2010) sought out to explore why it is exactly that women continue to remain in this lifestyle given the potential risks of prostitution. This qualitative study consisted of studying twelve women who wee recruited from an intervention program for women who are current involved in street-level prostitution (Murphy, 2010). The sample size, although relatively small, was quite diverse as there was a vast age range between the participants, different minorities, educational levels, family backgrounds, and employment status among the women. The data for the study was gathered from a series of three intense interviews in which not all wo men took part in. The first interview, which allotted for all twelve women to take part in, focused on each women’s individual story of prostitution. After discovering the central themes from the first set of interviews, only nine women were selected to take part in the second round. The purpose of the second round of interviews was to validate the themes in which the researches found in the first set of interviews by asking the participants to verify their claims. Lastly, a third round ofShow MoreRelatedThe Exchange Of Pleasure For Monetary Compensation1302 Words   |  6 Pages The idea of a capitalist economy is the ability to freely exchange goods with others in turn for some form of compensation that both parties agree upon. As such, the exchange of pleasure for monetary compensation is within the scope of free exchange based on agreed terms; such is the transaction with prostitution. This act should not be criminalized for economic reasons that would foster strict code s of conduct by both the law and by personal standards. This form of liberal feminist reasoning wouldRead MoreProstitution And The Law : Prostitution2362 Words   |  10 PagesProstitution and the Law Prostitution, also known as commercial sex or solicitation, is the business of preforming sexual activities in exchange for monetary compensation. Prostitution can be seen in many different outlets, from brothels and streetwalkers, to top of the line escort or call-girl services. Prostitution laws make it a crime to suggest, consent, or participate in a sexual act for the benefit of receiving payment (FindLaw, 2016). Prostitution is one of the first known female occupationsRead MoreEssay on Ethics and Good Prostitution2121 Words   |  9 PagesProstitution: In the End, There’s Nothing Wrong with It. Prostitution is defined by Florida State Statute 796.07 in 1994 as â€Å"the giving or receiving of the body for sexual activity for hire but excludes sexual activity between spouses† (â€Å"Legal Definition of Prostitution†). Though it has been illegalized, an age old discrepancy dealing with the morality and ethical concepts of prostitution is still a controversial topic being discussed today. The main ethical problem being debated about the professionRead MoreThe Current Status Of Prostitution Essay1638 Words   |  7 PagesResearch on Prostitution Phillip Walton CRIM/ECON 355 Dr. Richard Lotspeich November 14, 2016 Abstract This paper will examine the current status of prostitution as an illegal act and the market it generates; then show what effect legalizing prostitution would have on the prostitution market. Prostitution has a very large market that if legalized could be used as a source of revenue for governments through the form of taxes. So the focus will include how the prostitution market is generated, whatRead MoreLife Behind Women Who Enter Sex Work1793 Words   |  8 PagesThe Life Behind Women Who Enter Sex Work Sex Tourism is the trade or practice of giving sensual services to another person in return for imbursement as well as the group of travels with the motive of taking advantage of the opportunity of the absence of limitations and boundaries enforced on sex work and many other sensual doings by remote nation states. Sex tourism is a occupation developing quickly universal mostly in Sosua. The reasoning behind the study is to discover the dynamics influencingRead MoreShould Prostitution Be Legalized?1868 Words   |  8 Pages To make a living in this country, individuals take up jobs that provides a service that society deems a necessary need, whether that profession be a doctor, teacher, engineer, labor worker, or prostitute. All of these jobs exist in the United States; however, all of them except prostitution is legal and are equipped with rights and rules (Nussbaum 669). The only law that exists concerning prostitution is the one that outlaws it. Its legislation is due to the nast y stigma people have towards it sinceRead MoreEssay on Crime Typologies3922 Words   |  16 Pagesof crimes can interfere with day to day operations or the ability to function efficiently. These behaviors are outlawed due to conflict with social policy, morals and public opinion. Some examples of public order crimes include prostitution, street walking, escort services and Pornography. (Siegel, 2006) Violent crimes and Property crimes are measured by the Federal Bureau Investigation’s Uniform Crime Reporting Program (UCR). This program presents data reflecting a Hierarchy rule, where only theRead MoreBusiness Journalism in India26104 Words   |  105 PagesBudget preparation and presentation, factors influencing the annual budget, role of (5) subsidies and foreign exchange reserves 4 Companies, balance sheets, AGMs window dressing of balance sheets, the loopholes (the case of Satyam) (5) 5 Stock exchange, Sensex and its ups and downs, need for stricter monitoring, how to (5) cover Stock Exchanges, qualities of a good stock exchange reporter 6 Ethics for business journalism. Should it be a watch dog or servant of business houses? (5) RoleRead MorePolice Corruption9501 Words   |  39 Pagesdefined as excessive force, sexual assaults, false arrest and fabrication of evidence, deprivation of property, and failure to keep from harm. Excessive force is any force used by a police officer that goes beyond the minimal force necessary to control the given situation. Police officers abuse that authority to use force when their actions are found to be excessive or beyond the scope of reasonable to control the situation that they are in (FBI, 2009, para. 5). â€Å"Sexual assaults by officials actingRead MoreInternational Management67196 Words   |  269 Pagesprinted on recycled, acid-free paper containing 10% postconsumer waste. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 QDB/QDB 1 0 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 ISBN 978-0-07-811257-7 MHID 0-07-811257-5 Vice President Editor-in-Chief: Brent Gordon Vice President, EDP/Central Publishing Services: Kimberly Mer iwether-David Editorial Director: Paul Ducham Managing Developmental Editor: Laura Hurst Spell Developmental Editor: Jane Beck Associate Marketing Manager: Jaime Halteman Project Manager: Erin Melloy Buyer: Kara Kudronowicz Design Coordinator: